Environmentally friendly
Natural
Available
Inexpensive
Non-Toxic
Non-Flammable
No F-Gas
GWP = 0
ODP = 0
Sustainable
Highly Efficient
Water as Refrigerant
in the HVACR sector, mobile and stationary, incl. heat pumps
With Water (R718) the discussion about climate-damaging CFCs, HFCs and HCFCs is at its end.
CFCs... like R134a, R404a, etc.
A GWP and ODP of ZERO makes it the environmentally friendliest refrigerant on earth.
It is also not harmful in any way.
Refrigerant related safety requirements are not applicable for R718.
GWP and Risks of Refrigerants
R718
![none none](files/smile.png)
GWP = 0
R717
![Gas Cylinder Gas Cylinder](files/gef_1.png)
![Skull and Crossbones Skull and Crossbones](files/gef_3.png)
![Corrosion Corrosion](files/gef_4.png)
![Environmental Hazard Environmental Hazard](files/gef_5.png)
0
R744
![Gas Cylinder Gas Cylinder](files/gef_1.png)
1
R290
![Gas Cylinder Gas Cylinder](files/gef_1.png)
![Flames Flames](files/gef_2.png)
3
R600a
![Gas Cylinder Gas Cylinder](files/gef_1.png)
![Flames Flames](files/gef_2.png)
3
R600
![Gas Cylinder Gas Cylinder](files/gef_1.png)
![Flames Flames](files/gef_2.png)
4
R1234ze
![Gas Cylinder Gas Cylinder](files/gef_1.png)
![Flames Flames](files/gef_2.png)
7
R513A
![Gas Cylinder Gas Cylinder](files/gef_1.png)
631
R32
![Gas Cylinder Gas Cylinder](files/gef_1.png)
![Flames Flames](files/gef_2.png)
675
R134a
![Gas Cylinder Gas Cylinder](files/gef_1.png)
1 430
R407C
![Gas Cylinder Gas Cylinder](files/gef_1.png)
1 774
R410A
![Gas Cylinder Gas Cylinder](files/gef_1.png)
2 088
Further Benefits of R718
Evaporation enthalpy is higher than 2 200 kJ/kg.
ΔHvap of R290 e.g. is about 365 kJ/kg @ 0°C,
for R134a it is only 198 kJ/kg.
for R134a it is only 198 kJ/kg.
Only a small amount of R718 needs to evaporate to achieve the same cooling performance. This also mitigates the main downside of R718, the huge vapour volume.
Only a slight decrease in cooling capacity for higher condensation temperatures.
When changing the condensation temperature from 30°C to 90°C the cooling capacity only drops by 10%. For R134a and R290 it drops more than 60%.
This makes R718 ideal for heat pumps.
COP increase due to Wet Steam Compression (Injection)
Wet steam compression has two main benefits.
- First it increases the efficiency, especially for higher temperature differences.
- Second it removes the complications resulting from high vapour temperatures during compression and at the outlet.